從廣義上講，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)主要是利用壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)帶動氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動馬達(da)而(er)對外輸出(chu)動能工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的一種工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)，根據其基本工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)可分(fen)(fen)為:1)旋轉(zhuan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(偏心可動葉片式(shi)(shi)(shi)).2)往復式(shi)(shi)(shi)(容積活(huo)塞式(shi)(shi)(shi))一般氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)主要由動力輸出(chu)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)、作(zuo)業形式(shi)(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)化(hua)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)、進(jin)排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)路(lu)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)、運作(zuo)開啟與(yu)停止控制部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)、工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)殼(ke)體等(deng)主體部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)，當然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)運作(zuo)還必須(xu)有能源供給部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)、空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)過(guo)濾(lv)與(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓調(diao)節部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)以及(ji)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)附(fu)件等(deng)。

   1、動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力輸出部(bu)分：它(ta)是(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)工具主要組成部(bu)件之一(yi)，主要有氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)及動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力輸出齒(chi)輪組成，它(ta)依靠高(gao)壓力的(de)壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吹動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)葉(xie)(xie)片而使馬(ma)(ma)達(da)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，對(dui)外輸出旋轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并通(tong)過齒(chi)輪帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)整個作業形(xing)式(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)化部(bu)分運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。按(an)定子(zi)(zi)(zi)與轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)同心(xin)(xin)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)馬(ma)(ma)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)同心(xin)(xin)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)和(he)偏心(xin)(xin)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)，按(an)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孔的(de)數量多(duo)少，可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)單進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孔馬(ma)(ma)達(da)、雙進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孔馬(ma)(ma)達(da)和(he)多(duo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孔馬(ma)(ma)達(da)等。無論是(shi)何種形(xing)式(shi)(shi)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)，都(dou)是(shi)依靠壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吹動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)葉(xie)(xie)片帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)旋轉(zhuan)的(de)，馬(ma)(ma)達(da)葉(xie)(xie)片在高(gao)速(su)旋轉(zhuan)時，時刻與定子(zi)(zi)(zi)內(nei)壁發生摩擦，它(ta)是(shi)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)內(nei)為(wei)常(chang)見(jian)的(de)易損部(bu)件，因而它(ta)對(dui)壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)質量和(he)壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)含潤滑(hua)油分子(zi)(zi)(zi)要求(qiu)很高(gao);

   2、作業(ye)(ye)形式轉(zhuan)化部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)：它(ta)主要是(shi)將馬(ma)達輸出的(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)進行相應的(de)轉(zhuan)化。在汽(qi)車制造業(ye)(ye)中，由于(yu)(yu)以螺紋聯(lian)接的(de)方式甚多，大(da)(da)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)是(shi)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)，當然(ran)也有(you)直線往(wang)復運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。對于(yu)(yu)不(bu)同(tong)類型的(de)氣動(dong)(dong)(dong)工具(ju)，作業(ye)(ye)形式轉(zhuan)化部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)主要分(fen)為機械式離合器(qi)及行星(xing)齒輪組、摩(mo)擦片式離合器(qi)及行星(xing)齒輪組、液壓油缸、扭力(li)桿及錘打塊組等。以上部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)均以旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)為基礎的(de)重要部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)，它(ta)決定著該(gai)氣動(dong)(dong)(dong)擰緊(jin)(jin)工具(ju)的(de)扭力(li)大(da)(da)小、轉(zhuan)速快慢、擰緊(jin)(jin)精度等重要參(can)數(shu)，由于(yu)(yu)它(ta)不(bu)停(ting)的(de)離合、受壓或扭矩轉(zhuan)變，故它(ta)的(de)組成部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)易受損壞(huai);

   3、進(jin)排(pai)氣路部分(fen)：顯而易見，進(jin)排(pai)氣路部分(fen)是壓縮空氣進(jin)出的相關通道，是保障馬達正常運動的能源供給系統;

   4、運(yun)動開啟與停止控制(zhi)部分，即通常所述的氣動開關(guan)，由(you)于它時刻和(he)操作人(ren)員(yuan)及外界物體直接(jie)接(jie)觸，且多工程塑料制(zhi)品，故易出現損(sun)壞;

   5、能(neng)源供給部(bu)分：壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空氣主要是空壓(ya)(ya)機將大氣進行壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)后而形成(cheng)的(de)，由壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空氣管(guan)道輸(shu)送相關的(de)用氣電(dian)，且呈脈動狀;

   6、空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)過濾及氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)節(jie)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)：由于壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)常是通(tong)過無縫鋼管制(zhi)造的(de)(de)(de)管道進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)輸送的(de)(de)(de)，在長期使用(yong)時(shi)，其(qi)(qi)內壁的(de)(de)(de)銹(xiu)蝕(shi)物、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)水分(fen)、粉塵(chen)等(deng)(deng)將不斷形成。若這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)不進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)任(ren)何處理，直接進(jin)(jin)入氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動馬(ma)達(da)(da)(da)，則將導致馬(ma)達(da)(da)(da)壽命大(da)大(da)縮短，從而致使整把工(gong)具動力(li)輸出不足、且不穩定(ding)，易造成馬(ma)達(da)(da)(da)等(deng)(deng)零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)連環損壞的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象，為(wei)此在由管道輸送的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動工(gong)具之間，必須設置壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)過濾、調(diao)節(jie)裝置，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動三(san)(san)聯件(jian)承擔(dan)了該項任(ren)務。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動三(san)(san)聯件(jian)主要由氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表、過濾器(qi)、油霧(wu)器(qi)、調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)等(deng)(deng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)組成，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)過濾器(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)內置濾芯，在使用(yong)一段時(shi)間后要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)維護(hu)清洗、定(ding)期更(geng)換;

   7、工(gong)(gong)具附(fu)件(jian)(jian)：這里的(de)工(gong)(gong)具附(fu)件(jian)(jian)是指安裝在(zai)(zai)氣(qi)動(dong)工(gong)(gong)具本體上直(zhi)接與工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)直(zhi)接接觸的(de)工(gong)(gong)具，氣(qi)動(dong)三(san)(san)聯(lian)(lian)件(jian)(jian)承(cheng)擔了該項任(ren)務。氣(qi)動(dong)三(san)(san)聯(lian)(lian)件(jian)(jian)主要(yao)由(you)氣(qi)壓(ya)表、過(guo)濾(lv)器(qi)(qi)、油(you)霧器(qi)(qi)、調壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)部分(fen)組成，其中(zhong)過(guo)濾(lv)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)內(nei)置(zhi)濾(lv)芯，在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用一段時間(jian)后要(yao)進(jin)行維護清洗、定(ding)期更(geng)換;這樣的(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空氣(qi)不進(jin)行任(ren)何處理，直(zhi)接進(jin)入氣(qi)動(dong)馬達，則將導致馬達壽命(ming)大大縮(suo)(suo)短，從而(er)致使(shi)整(zheng)把工(gong)(gong)具動(dong)力輸出(chu)不足(zu)、且不穩定(ding)，易(yi)造成馬達等(deng)零部件(jian)(jian)連環(huan)損壞的(de)現象(xiang)，為此在(zai)(zai)由(you)管道(dao)輸送的(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空氣(qi)氣(qi)動(dong)工(gong)(gong)具之間(jian)，必(bi)須設置(zhi)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空氣(qi)過(guo)濾(lv)、調節裝置(zhi)，包括(kuo)各(ge)類氣(qi)動(dong)套(tao)筒、接桿、轉(zhuan)換接頭、刀頭等(deng)